Country profile TCD
Context
Context
| Year | Age group | Proportion | Gender | Indicator | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 5-17 | 33.8 | Male | Proportion of children engaged in economic activity, by sex and age (%) | Source |
| 2019 | 5-17 | 27.8 | Female | Proportion of children engaged in economic activity, by sex and age (%) | Source |
| 2019 | 5-17 | 30.9 | Male & Female | Proportion of children engaged in economic activity, by sex and age (%) | Source |
| 2019 | 5-17 | 38.5 | Male | Proportion of children engaged in economic activity and household chores, by sex and age (%) | Source |
| 2019 | 5-17 | 39.6 | Female | Proportion of children engaged in economic activity and household chores, by sex and age (%) | Source |
| 2019 | 5-17 | 39 | Male & Female | Proportion of children engaged in economic activity and household chores, by sex and age (%) | Source |
National Legal Framework
National Legal Framework
| Provision | Legislation date | Convention | Legislation info | sources | Value | sort_order | Provision description | Legislation description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum age for hazardous work | 1969-01-29 | C138 & C182 | Decree No. 55/PR-MTJS-DTMOPS regarding child labour - Article 7, Article 9(1) | [{"link_name":"-Decree No. 55/PR-MTJS-DTMOPS regarding child labour","source_link":"https://wwwex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/36941/TCD36941.pdf"},{"link_name":"-CEACR Direct Request","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/nrmlx_en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325586,103386"}] | 16 | 6 | C138 and C182 set 18 as the minimum age for hazardous work, which is defined as work that, due to its nature or the circumstances in which it is carried out, is likely to jeopardize children’s health, safety or morals. C138 and C182 allow countries to permit hazardous work exceptionally as from 16, provided that the health, safety and morals of the young persons concerned are fully protected and that they have received adequate specific instruction or training. | Article 7 of the Decree relating to child labour permits the employment of young workers over 16 years of age in certain types of hazardous work. Article 9(1) of the Decree relating to child labour states that labour inspectors may call for the examination of any young worker in order to determine whether or not the work in which he is employed exceeds his strength. In its CEACR Direct Request of 2022 on C138, the Committee underlined the fact that this provision does not oblige labour inspectors to call for such an examination in any case where a young worker performs one of the types of work listed in section 7 of the Decree. |
| Minimum age for admission to apprenticeship | 1996-12-11 ; 1969-01-29 | C138 | Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 issuing the Labour Code (Labour Code) - Article 18 | [{"link_name":"-Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 issuing the Labour Code (Labour Code)","source_link":"https://wwwex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/47297/TCD-47297.pdf"},{"link_name":"-CEACR Direct Request","source_link":"https://natlex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/36941/TCD36941.pdf"},{"link_name":"-Decree No. 55/PR-MTJS-DTMOPS regarding child labour","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/nrmlx_en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325586,103386"}] | 13 | 5 | C138 does not apply to work done in school for general, vocational or technical education or in training institutions or work done by children at least 14 years of age in undertakings, where such work is carried out in accordance with conditions prescribed by the competent authority. Such work must be an integral part of: (i) a course of education or training for which a school or training institution is primarily responsible; (ii) a programme of training mainly or entirely in an undertaking, which programme has been approved by the competent authority; or (iii) a programme of guidance or orientation designed to facilitate the choice of an occupation or of a line of training. | According to Article 18 of the Labour Code, an apprentice must be at least 13 years of age at the start of the apprenticeship. However, section 1 of the Decree relating to child labour states that no child under 14 years of age may be employed, even as an apprentice, in an enterprise within the territory of the Republic of Chad. In its CEACR Direct Request of 2022 on C138, the Committee observed that there is a discrepancy between the age of entry to an apprenticeship laid down by the Labour Code (13 years) and the one laid down by the Decree relating to child labour (14 years). It reminded the Government that Article 6 of the Convention states that the age of entry to an apprenticeship is 14 years. |
| Is the minimum age for admission to work not less than the age for completion of compulsory schooling? | N/A | C138 | N/A | [{"link_name":"CEACR Direct Request","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325586,103386:NO"}] | N/A | 4 | C138 requires that the minimum age for admission to work shall not be less than the age of completion of compulsory schooling and, in any case, shall not be less than 15 years. | In its CEACR Direct Request of 2022 on C138, the Committee previously noted that there is contradictory information as regards the age of completion of compulsory schooling in Chad. The Committee further took note of the gap between the compulsory education age and the minimum age for employment. Noting the absence of information on this point in the Government’s report, the Committee once again requests the Government to indicate the age of completion of compulsory schooling in the country and provide a copy of the legislation which is applicable in this area. It further requests the Government to take the necessary measures to ensure that the age of completion of compulsory schooling coincides with that of the minimum age for admission to employment or work, namely 14 years. |
| Light work - Determination of types and conditions of activities | 1969-01-29 | C138 | Decree No. 55/PR-MTJS-DTMOPS regarding child labour - Articles 2 and 3(2) | [{"link_name":"-Decree No. 55/PR-MTJS-DTMOPS regarding child labour","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325586,103386:NO"},{"link_name":"-CEACR Direct Request","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/nrmlx_en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325586,103386"}] | Yes | 3 | If the country chooses to allow light work, States must determine what activities are considered light work, and the hours and the circumstances under which they may be carried out. | Article 2 of the Decree relating to child labour lists the types of light work authorised for children 12 years and over. Section 3(2) of the Decree states that the duration of light work may not exceed four-and-a-half hours per day. In its CEACR Direct Request of 2022 on C138, the Committee requests the Government to indicate the manner in which the regular school attendance of children working four-and-a-half hours per day is ensured. |
| Minimum age for light work | 1969-01-29 | C138 | Decree No. 55/PR-MTJS-DTMOPS regarding child labour - Article 2 | [{"link_name":"Decree No. 55/PR-MTJS-DTMOPS regarding child labour","source_link":"https://wwwex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/36941/TCD36941.pdf"}] | 12 | 2 | C138 defines light work as work that does not interfere with children’s schooling, or their ability to benefit from it, and that is not hazardous. C138 allows countries to permit light work for children younger than the general minimum age. For countries that set the minimum age at 15, this means children aged 13-14, and for those that set it at 14, children aged 12-13 may engage in light work. | Article 2 of the Decree relating to child labour states that the age for admission to employment is set at 12 years for certain types of light work. |
| Minimum age for admission to work | 1996-12-11 | C138 | Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 issuing the Labour Code (Labour Code) - Article 52 | [{"link_name":"Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 issuing the Labour Code (Labour Code)","source_link":"https://wwwex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/47297/TCD-47297.pdf"}] | 14 | 1 | C138 establishes 15 as the minimum age for work in general. Developing countries have the option of setting a minimum age of 14 as a transitional measure as they strengthen their education systems and economies. | According to Article 52 of the Labour Code, children may not be employed in any profession before the age of 14, except for exemptions established by decree upon the proposal of the Minister of Labour and Social Security and the Minister of Public Health, considering the tasks that may be required of these children. Children can only be employed with the consent of their legal representative. |
| Is the use, procuring or offering of children for illicit activities, in particular for the production and trafficking of drugs, prohibited? | N/A | C182 | N/A | [{"link_name":"CEACR Direct Request","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325589,103386"}] | No | 11 | C182 prohibits the use, procuring or offering of children for illicit activities in particular for the production and trafficking of drugs. | In its CEACR Direct Request of 2022 on C182, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that, as part of the amendment of the Penal Code, measures will be taken to prohibit and criminalise the use, procuring or offering of a child under 18 years of age for illicit activities. The Committee urges the Government to take the necessary measures to ensure that the amendment of the Labour Code will be adopted as a matter of urgency, and that it will contain provisions to prohibit and penalise the use, procuring or offering of a young person under 18 years of age for illicit activities, in particular for the production and trafficking of drugs. |
| Is the use, procuring or offering of a child for the purpose of prostitution and for production of pornography prohibited? | 2017-05-08 | C182 | Penal Code - Sections 279 and 280 | [{"link_name":"-Penal Code","source_link":"https://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/cha213367.pdf"},{"link_name":"-CEACR Direct Request","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325589,103386"}] | No | 10 | C182 prohibits the use of a child under the age of 18 for prostitution, regardless of the child's consent. The use, procuring or offering of any person under the age of 18 for commercial sexual exploitation constitutes a worst form of child labour, even if prostitution is a legalised. In regard to the prohibition of child pornography, States need to make sure that national legislation addresses the involvement of a child in the production of pornographic materials, including non-recorded performances. | In its CEACR Direct Request of 2022 on C182, the Committee noted that the bill issuing amendments to the Penal Code was in the process of being adopted. It also noted that Decree No. 55/PR/PM-MTJS-DTMOPS of 8 February 1969 concerning child labour had been revised to take account of the provisions of the present Convention. Noting the lack of information on this matter in the Government’s report, the Committee requests the Government once again to take necessary measures to ensure that the bill issuing amendments to the Penal Code will be adopted in the near future, and requests it to supply information on all new developments in this respect. Furthermore, it reiterates its request to the Government to provide a copy of Decree No. 55/PR/PM-MTJS-DTMOPS of 8 February 1969 as amended, in its next report. While sections 279 to 280 of the Penal Code criminalise procuring, no provision appears to criminalise the client or, consequently, the use of a young person under 18 years of age for prostitution. |
| Is forced or compulsory recruitment of children under 18 for use in armed conflict prohibited? | 2017-05-08 | C182 | Penal Code - Article 286 | [{"link_name":"Penal Code","source_link":"https://wwwex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/108874/TCD-108874.pdf"}] | Yes | 9 | C182 defines forced or compulsory recruitment of children under 18 for use in armed conflict as a worst form of child labour. Nevertheless, C182 only prohibits the forced or compulsory recruitment of children under 18, and does not cover the voluntary recruitment of children under 18. | Article 286 of the Penal Code criminalises war crimes, that pursuant to para 286.g) includes the conscription or enlistment of children under the age of 18 into the armed forces or armed groups, or their active participation in hostilities. |
| Is the sale and trafficking of children for sexual and labour exploitation prohibited? | 2017-05-08 ; 1996-12-11 | C182 | Penal Code - Article 10 ; Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 issuing the Labour Code (Labour Code) - Article 5 | [{"link_name":"-Penal Code","source_link":"https://natlex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/108874/TCD-108874.pdf"},{"link_name":"-Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 issuing the Labour Code (Labour Code)","source_link":"https://natlex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/47297/TCD-47297.pdf"},{"link_name":"-CEACR Direct Request","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325589,103386"}] | No | 8 | C182 defines all forms of slavery or practices similar to slavery, such as the sale and trafficking of children, debt bondage and serfdom and forced or compulsory labour as worst forms of child labour. | The Penal Code Article 10 criminalises trafficking in persons, but does not make any specific mention of sale and trafficking of children. Article 5 of Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 issuing the Labour Code (Labour Code) bans forced labour, including debt bondage and slavery. In its CEACR Direct Request of 2022 on C182, the Committee urges the Government to indicate the provisions that effectively prohibit the sale and trafficking of persons and, more particularly, of children under 18 years of age. |
| List of hazardous activities prohibited for children | 1969-01-29 | C138 & C182 | Decree No. 55/PR-MTJS-DTMOPS regarding child labour | [{"link_name":"CEACR Direct Request","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325589,103386"}] | No | 7 | C138 and C182 require the national determination of a list of hazardous work prohibited for children under 18 years of age. The competent authorities should consult with workers' and employers' organizations to determine what types of employment or work are considered to be hazardous. Such a list shall be periodically examined and revised as necessary. | In its CEACR Direct Request of 2022 on C182, the Committee notes that Decree No. 55/PR/PM-MTJS-DTMOPS does not apply to young persons under 18 years of age who perform hazardous work in the informal sector, in which many children are engaged. |
International Legal Framework
International Legal Framework
| Ratification status | Convention | Convention description | Date of ratification | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| in-force | C182 | Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182) | 06-NOV-2000 | Source |
| in-force | C138 | Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) | 21-MAR-2005 | Source |
Policies and Plans
Policies and Plans
| Description | sources | Period | Policy name | Implementing agency |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In its CEACR Direct Request of 2022 on C138, the Committee previously took note of the adoption of an Accelerated Strategy for Child Survival and Development. The Committee also noted that a draft Child Protection Code was being prepared. Recalling once again that, under Article 1, each Member for which this Convention is in force undertakes to pursue a national policy designed to ensure the effective abolition of child labour, the Committee again requests the Government to supply information on the Accelerated Strategy for Child Survival and Development in terms of its impact on the abolition of child labour. It also requests the Government to send a copy of the Child Protection Code with its next report. | [{"link_name":"CEACR Direct Request","source_link":"https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:13100:P13100_COMMENT_ID,P13100_COUNTRY_ID:4325586,103386:NO"}] | No information | Accelerated Strategy for Child Survival and Development | No information |