The Committee notes the Government’s reports on Conventions Nos. 55, 68, 69, 92, 108, 133, 134, 146, 164, and 166. In order to provide a comprehensive view of the issues relating to the application of these Conventions on the maritime sector, the Committee considers it appropriate to examine them together.

The Committee recalls that, in the framework of the Standards Review Mechanism, the ILO Governing Body, as recommended by the Special Tripartite Committee on the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006, as amended (MLC, 2006), classified Conventions Nos. 55, 68, 69, 92, 108, 133, 134, 146, 164, and 166 as “outdated”. At its 343rd Session (November 2021), the Governing Body placed an item on the agenda of the 118th Session (2030) of the International Labour Conference concerning the abrogation of Conventions Nos. 55, 68, 69, 92, 133, 134, 146, 164, and 166 as well as requested the Office to launch an initiative to promote the ratification on a priority basis of the MLC, 2006 among the countries still bound by Conventions Nos 55, 68, 69, 92, 133, 134, 146, 164, and 166 and the Seafarers’ Identity Documents Convention (Revised), 2003, as amended (No. 185) among the countries still bound by Convention No. 108. In this regard, the Committee notes with interest the Government’s information that the Turkish Grand National Assembly approved the ratification of the MLC, 2006 on 2 March 2017 by Law No. 6898 (Official Gazette No. 30018 of 25 March 2017). The Committee notes that the Government further indicates that the ratification process of the MLC, 2006 has not yet been completed, and amendments to the relevant national legislation are underway with a view to bringing it into conformity with the provisions of the Convention. The Committee accordingly requests the Government to provide information on any progress made towards the ratification of the MLC, 2006. The Committee further encourages the Government to consider ratifying Convention No. 185 and reminds it of the possibility to avail itself of the technical assistance of the Office.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Committee notes with deep concern the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the protection of seafarers’ rights as laid out in the Conventions. In this regard, the Committee refers to the resolution adopted by the Governing Body in its 340th Session (GB.340/Resolution) concerning maritime labour issues and COVID-19 disease, which calls on Member States to take measures to address the adverse impacts of the pandemic on seafarers’ rights, and requests the Government to provide information in its next report on any temporary measures adopted in this regard, their duration and their impact on seafarers’ rights.

Seafarers’ Identity Documents Convention, 1958 (No. 108)

The Committee notes the observations of the Association of Turkish Shipowners (TAİS) communicated with the Government’s report indicating that, in Turkey, there are no particular problems of harmonisation between the measures implementing the MLC, 2006 and Convention No. 108.

Articles 5 and 6 of the Convention. Readmission to a territory and permission to enter a territory. In its previous comments, the Committee recalled that Articles 5 and 6 shall be implemented through laws, regulations, or other measures, and requested the Government to indicate the measures taken to give full effect to these Articles. The Committee notes the Government’s reference to the Turkish Passport Law No. 5682, which provides that all travellers require a valid passport or travel document whenever they leave or enter Turkey (section 2), a seaman’s book being considered a valid travel document (section 12). The Government further refers to section 20(5), which states that the entry and exit of foreign seafarers with regular and appropriate seafarers’ identity documents issued by competent authorities are permitted on the basis of the reciprocity principle. The Committee notes the Government’s reference to section 12(2) of the Law on Foreigners and International Protection, which provides that a visa for entering in Turkey may not be required from those (a) intending to disembark at a port city from a carrier which has been obliged to use Turkish air and seaports due to force majeure and (b) arriving at sea ports and intending to visit the seaport city or nearby provinces for touristic purpose, provided that their stay does not exceed 72 hours. Furthermore, the Committee notes the copy of the “Port City Permit Certificate for Seamen”, which, according to the Government, is issued ex officio for foreign seafarers, at no cost, by the personnel working at the border gates. The Government indicates that such certificate shall be issued upon the written request of the shipmaster with the assurance of the agency serving the ship that the seafarer is not included in the list of banned migration and/or undesirable persons, and shall be valid for multiple 30-day entries, renewable for up to 90 days. The Committee takes note of this information.