Observation (CEACR) - adoptée 2014, publiée 104ème session CIT (2015)

Convention (n° 138) sur l'âge minimum, 1973 - Guyana (Ratification: 1998)

Article 1 of the Convention. National policy for the elimination of child labour and national action plan. The Committee recalls that the Government has been reiterating its commitment to adopting a national policy designed to ensure the effective abolition of child labour in the country for nearly 15 years. The Committee also notes that, although the Government has undertaken a number of policy measures aimed to tackle child labour through education programmes, in particular under the ILO–IPEC project entitled “Tackle child labour through education” (TACKLE project) and under the Millennium Development Goals, it continues to indicate that that a National Plan of Action for Children (NPAC) is under development. The Committee accordingly urges the Government to strengthen its efforts to finalize the NPAC and to provide a copy of it in the very near future. Furthermore, noting the Government’s indication that the National Steering Committee on Child Labour – which had initiated and drafted a national action plan to eliminate and prevent child labour – is no longer functioning, the Committee requests the Government to provide updated information on the measures taken or envisaged to finalize this process.

Article 3(3). Authorization to work in hazardous employment from the age of 16 years. In previous comments, the Committee observed that section 6(b) of Act No. 9 of 1999 on the employment of young persons and children (hereafter, Act No. 9 of 1999) grants the Minister discretion to authorize, through regulations, the engagement of young persons between the ages of 16 and 18 years in hazardous work. The Committee also observed that, although sections 41 and 46 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 1997 (OSHA) aim to prevent young persons from undertaking employment activity that could impede their physical health or emotional development, the Government has identified difficulties in monitoring and enforcing those provisions. The Government accordingly indicated that Act No. 9 of 1999 will be amended to ensure that the protections afforded under the Act are extended to all young persons under the age of 18 years.

The Committee notes with concern that the Government’s latest information provides no new information concerning the process of amending Act No. 9 of 1999, despite its repeated commitment over the years to do so. Rather, it states that no ministerial regulations have been issued and that the OSHA provisions ensure that young persons between 16 and 18 years who are employed in hazardous work receive adequate specific vocational training. The Committee notes, however, that the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC), in its concluding observations on the combined second to fourth periodic reports of Guyana in June 2013 (CRC/C/GUY/CO/2-4, paragraph 59(c)–(d)), noted the inadequate measures for monitoring and enforcing the OSHA provisions and that, notwithstanding reports of significant numbers of children involved in hazardous work, only three such cases had been reported to the Government’s reporting mechanism.

The Committee draws the Government’s attention in this respect to paragraph 381 of the 2012 General Survey on the fundamental Conventions, which stresses that compliance with Article 3(3) of the Convention requires that any hazardous work for persons from the ages of 16 to 18 years be authorized only upon condition that the health, safety and morals of the young persons concerned are fully protected and that they, in practice, receive adequate specific vocational training. The Committee accordingly urges the Government to take measures to amend Act No. 9 of 1999 in the near future so as to ensure conformity with Article 3(3) of the Convention by providing adequate protection to young persons of ages 16 and above and to supply a copy of the amendments once they have been finalized. Moreover, noting the Government’s indication that efforts are underway with the tripartite partners to include additional areas of work on the hazardous work list, the Committee requests the Government to supply a copy of this amended list once it becomes available.

Article 9(3). Keeping of registers. In its previous report, the Committee noted that section 3(3), read in conjunction with section 3(2), of Act No. 9 of 1999 requires registers to be kept in places where young persons under the age of 16 years are employed, rather than 18 years as required under Article 9(3) of the Convention. Noting the absence of information on this point, the Committee requests the Government to provide updated information on the process of amending section 3 of Act No. 9 of 1999 to bring it into conformity with the Convention and to supply a copy of the amendments once they have been finalized.

Parts III and V of the report form. Labour inspection and practical application of the Convention. The Committee recalls its previous comments which noted the results of the 2001 Multiple Cluster Indicator Survey identifying a high percentage of working children in the country. The Committee also noted the indication of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) that labour inspectors fail to effectively enforce the applicable legislation and that child labour was particularly prevalent in the informal economy.

The Committee notes that the Government’s latest report simply indicates that its labour inspectors routinely conduct workplace inspections and that there has been no evidence of child labour. Nevertheless, the Committee also notes the information contained in the Government’s 2011 report to the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) concerning a three-year programme which aims to, among others, strengthen the capacity of national and local authorities in the formulation, implementation and enforcement of the legal framework on child labour and which will include a focus on child labour in the informal economy. The Committee accordingly requests the Government to continue to strengthen its efforts to combat child labour, including in the informal economy, and to provide information on the impact in this regard. Furthermore, noting the Government’s indication in its report under the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182) that it is establishing a baseline survey on child labour, the Committee requests the Government to provide information concerning the results of the survey in its next report.