Burundi

Title of the survey

Enquête annuelle sur la main-d'oeuvre dans les secteurs parapublic, mixte et privé (Annual survey on manpower in the parastatal, mixed and private sectors).

Organization responsible

Ministère du Travail et de la Sécurité Sociale.

Periodicity of the survey

Annual.

Objectives of the survey

To obtain information on employment trends in the formal sector.

Main labour topics covered by the survey

Employment and earnings.

Reference period

November of each year.

Coverage of the survey

Geographical

Whole country.

Industrial

All branches of economic activity.

Establishments

All types and sizes of establishment in the sector concerned (i.e. the entire modern or formal sector).

Persons

All employed persons.

Occupations

All occupations are covered in principle. The actual occupations reported on depend on the workers covered by the survey.

Concepts and definitions

Employment

The data refer to all persons employed. The following categories are identified separately:

permanent employees: these are workers employed on a full-time basis, under the provisions of a written or oral contract, receiving earnings of any kind that can be evaluated in terms of money which are determined by agreement or by law;
unpaid permanent workers: i.e. proprietors of enterprises not receiving a wage or salary, unpaid family workers;
temporary employees: day labourers, seasonal workers, casual workers, etc., engaged for short periods to perform work which does not require permanent employees;
unpaid temporary workers.

For each permanent worker (paid and unpaid), data are collected on nationality, year of birth, sex, year of engagement, function, nature of activity, category and grade, occupation and level of training. In addition, the number of permanent employees during the month of November is summarized by sex, nationality (nationals and foreigners) and according to the socio-occupational category of the workers. These are divided into six categories:

category I : unskilled workers,
category II : semi-skilled workers,
category III: skilled workers,
category IV : highly skilled workers,
category V : supervisors,
category VI : managers.

For temporary workers (paid and unpaid), only the total number of days worked is reported, for each month of the year.

Earnings

These refer to net earnings:, i.e. the net monthly earnings for the month of November, after deduction of social security and other contributions paid by the employees. The monthly wage includes: basic wage, severance or termination pay, paid vacation allowances, seniority bonuses, and various allowances directly associated with the worker's services. Data are also collected on supplementary benefits and remuneration paid in November, either in cash (housing allowances) or in kind (housing, company car, meals, school fees, family allowances etc.). They also include amounts paid in compensation for damages (redundancy payments) and the cost of pension or accident insurance. The data on earnings cover permanent employees only. For temporary employees, data are collected on the total wage bill for each month of the year.

Wage/salary rates

Not relevant.

Hours of work

Not relevant.

International recommendations

Contrary to the recommendations contained in the resolution concerning wages statistics, the data on earnings are collected and published in terms of net earnings.

Classifications

Industrial

Data on employment and earnings are classified according to the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Rev. 2, 1968, at the one-digit level.

Occupational

Data on employment and earnings are classified according to nine major groups corresponding to the nine major groups contained in the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-88).

Others

The data on permanent employment and earnings are classified:

by level of training or education level (nine levels);
by socio-occupational category;
by sex;
by nationality (nationals; African foreigners; non-African foreigners);
by sector;
by size of enterprise.

and cross-classifications are made on the basis of these breakdowns.

Sample size and design

Statistical unit

The establishment. Where an enterprise has more than one establishment, it must complete a declaration for each establishment.

Survey universe / sample frame

The survey universe is the register of enterprises and establishments.

Sample design

The survey is a complete enumeration of establishments in the formal sector.

Field work

Data collection

The annual declaration of manpower is a questionnaire mailed to all registered enterprises and establishments in November each year. It should be returned to the Bureau de la Planification de l'Emploi et des Resources Humaines (BPERH) by 31 January of the following year. Failure to submit the declaration and delays in returning are, in principle, liable to penalties. On receipt of the declaration the BPERH issues the enterprise with a receipt, which may be required during a subsequent visit by the labour inspection or the Département de la main-d'oeuvre et de la Promotion de l'Emploi.

Survey questionnaire

The declaration comprises six parts and is accompanied by an explanatory note.

Part 1 concerns the identification of the enterprise;
Part 2 concerns permanent workers and is designed to collect all the information on each of the paid and unpaid workers, identified by their registration number with the Institut National de la Securité Sociale (INSS) (national social security institution); this part also collects information on the number of permanent employees whose employment terminated after December of the preceding year, as well as the reasons for termination;
Part 3 concerns a summary statement of permanent workers in the month of November and wages paid by socio-occupational category, nationality and sex;
Part 4 concerns temporary employees during the year and the wage bill paid in respect of each month;
Part 5 concerns unpaid temporary workers during the year, evaluated in terms of days worked;
Part 6 contains information on the composition of the capital (national private, foreign private, state) of the enterprise and on the identity of the person having completed the declaration.

Substitution of sampling units

Not relevant. In the event of non-response to the questionnaire, the enterprise or establishment is contacted by letter.

Data processing and editing

Responses are coded and data processed by computer.

Types of estimates

Totals and averages, distribution of permanent employees and monthly earnings according to different variables, workforce fluctuations, equivalents of casual jobs on the basis of days worked, and distribution of workers by earnings bracket.

Construction of indices

Not relevant.

Weighting of sample results

Not relevant.

Adjustments

Non-response

Not relevant.

Other bias

Not relevant.

Use of benchmark data

Not relevant.

Seasonal variations

Not relevant.

Indicators of reliability of the estimates

Coverage of the sampling frame

The register of enterprises and establishments reflects virtually all establishments and enterprises in the formal sector.

Sampling error / sampling variance

Not relevant.

Non-response rate

Before the liberalization of the labour market in 1990, the non-response rate rarely exceeded 15 per cent. Since this liberalization and in the absence of any awareness-raising campaign about the rights and obligations of the social partners, most enterprises have considered themselves relieved of the obligation to declare their workforce. The non-response rate is in the region of 30 to 40 per cent in terms of establishments and may be as high as 50 per cent in terms of undeclared jobs.

Non-sampling errors

Not relevant.

Conformity with other sources

The data obtained through the annual declaration on manpower are compared with the data collected by the INSS.

Available series

Level and types of employment in the formal sector, separately for the public sector and permanent employment in the private and parastatal sectors.
Structure of permanent employment by occupation and level of training, by nationality and socio-occupational category, and cross-classifications with other variables.
Workforce changes.
Level of casual employment by economic activity.
Earnings levels and distribution of employees in the formal sector, by sector, economic activity, size of enterprise, occupational group, education level, nationality, socio-occupational category etc., according to numerous cross-classifications.

History of the survey

The annual declaration on manpower has been in effect since 1980. The design of the questionnaire was revised three times, in 1984, 1986 and 1988. New strategies are being tested with a view to improving survey coverage and participation.

Documentation

Ministère du Travail et de la Sécurité Sociale, Département de la Planification des Ressources Humaines et de la Promotion de l'Emploi: Revue de statistiques du Travail (annual; Bujumbura); published about 20 months after the end of the reference year (Revue No. 10 concerning employment in the formal sector in 1990 was published in August 1992). idem: Le marché de l'emploi dans les secteurs privé et paraétatique in Bulletin Trimestriel (ibid.); published within three months of the reference month. The data can also be made available on diskette.

Confidentiality / Reliability criteria

The information supplied in the annual declaration of manpower is confidential and the officials responsible for processing it are bound by professional secrecy.

Other information

Data supplied to the ILO for publication

The following statistics are published in the Yearbook of Labour Statistics:

average monthly earnings in non-agricultural activities and specific industries (Tables 16 to 21).

In addition, the employment statistics derived from the annual survey on manpower constitute one of the components of the official estimates of employment, published in Chapter II of the Yearbook.