Cyprus (3)
Title of the survey
Industrial Production Survey
Organization responsible
Ministry of Finance, Department of Statistics and Research
Periodicity of the survey
Annual.
Objectives of the survey
To collect data on the basic economic characteristics of the industrial
sector, such as employment, earnings, gross output, expenses, value
added, capital investment, stocks and sales, etc., in order to assess
the evolution of industry, determine its contribution to the economy
of the country and determine the structure of the industrial sector.
Main labour topics covered by the survey
Employment, earnings, days worked and compensation of employees.
Reference period
The whole calendar year.
Coverage of the survey
Geographical
The Government controlled area of Cyprus.
Industrial
Mining and quarrying, manufacturing and electricity, gas and water, as
defined in the International Standard Industrial Classification of all
economic activities (ISIC), Rev.2, 1968, but excluding cottage
activities carried out at home (such as embroidery, weaving and
basketry), the manufacturing activities of Government departments (such
as the Government Printing Office and the Pharmaceutical Laboratory),
slaughtering in villages which is included in the retailing of meat, and
the supply of water in towns undertaken by private firms as a secondary
activity.
Establishments
All types and sizes of enterprises and establishments.
Persons
All persons engaged, excluding Cypriots working temporarily abroad and
those working on the British bases.
Occupations
Not relevant.
Concepts and definitions
Employment
Data are collected on all persons engaged, referring to the
average of all persons working or having worked in the enterprise during
the reference year. Included are working proprietors, unpaid family
workers (provided they worked for at least half the normal hours),
apprentices and all employees, among whom operatives are identified
separately.
Operatives include all employees who are directly engaged in production
or related activities, including any clerical or working supervisory
personnel whose function is to record or expedite any step in the
production process.
Part-time workers are those working fewer than the usual number of days
of operation of the enterprise, or persons working fewer than the normal
hours of work each day. In their reporting, establishments convert the
number of part-time workers into
full-time equivalents using as a conversion
factor the number of working days for which the establishment usually
operates or the normal hours worked by full-time employees.
The data collected from the establishment relate to average employment
calculated as the average of monthly employment for the whole year, for
each category (working proprietors and partners; operatives; and other
employees), and the average quarterly employment for all categories
together for each quarter of the reference year.
The total number of women engaged is also collected.
Compensation of employees
Data are collected separately on the following components:
- wages and salaries, comprising direct wages and salaries, overtime
earnings, bonuses and gratuities, value of receipts in kind, cost of
living allowance, payments for leave days and dismissal compensation,
housing allowances and family allowances paid directly by the employer;
all payments are gross, i.e. prior to any deduction of income tax,
social insurance or provident fund contributions;
- employers' contributions to various funds, pensions and similar
benefits.
The data on wages and salaries are collected separately for:
- working proprietors and partners;
- operatives; and
- other employees.
The data on compensation of employees are collected for all employees
together.
Hours of work
Data are not collected on hours of work, but on days worked
by operatives, referring to the total of all days actually spent by each
operative at work. Information is collected separately on the number of
working days in the establishment during the reference year, and the
total number of days lost by operatives during the reference year
because of vacation, public holidays, sick leave, strikes, etc.
International recommendations
The definition of compensation of employees conforms with the
System of National Accounts (SNA), 1968.
Classifications
Components of labour cost / compensation of employees
Data are classified according to the two major components:
- wages and salaries; and
- employers' contributions to special funds.
Industrial
Data are classified according to the major kind of economic activity,
based on the principal category of goods produces in the establishment,
using the International Standard Industrial Classification of All
Economic Activities (ISIC), Rev.2, 1968, at the two-digit level.
Occupational
Not relevant.
Others
The wage data are classified by major group of persons engaged (working
proprietors and partners, operatives and other employees).
Sample size and design
Statistical unit
The sampling unit is, in principle,
the establishment, defined as an
economic unit (a firm or self-employed), which engages under a single
ownership or control in one or more than one kind of economic activity,
but operates in one building or an integral group of buildings, e.g. an
individual workshop, factory, etc. Thus, if an enterprise carries out
its business at more than one location, and therefore consists of more
than one establishment, each unit (establishment) is enumerated
separately. However, if the enterprise consists of more than one
establishment, and no separate accounts are kept for each establishment,
the information is provided on an enterprise basis. As a consequence,
the reporting unit is the enterprise rather than the
establishment. It should be noted, however, that there are few
multi-establishment enterprises in Cyprus, so that in most cases the
establishment and the enterprise are the same.
Survey universe / sample frame
The Registration of Establishments, which is a census of all
non-agricultural establishments.
The frame is updated every four to five years, when a new Registration
is carried out. The next Registration was planned for 1995.
The 1989 Registration of Establishments covered 51,074 establishments.
Sample design
The survey is based on a complete enumeration of establishments in
mining and quarrying and in electricity and gas, because of their small
numbers.
Manufacturing is covered on a sample basis. The sample frame from the
Registration of Establishments is stratified into about 350 domains
based on economic activity (at about the four-digit level of ISIC).
Each sampling domain is then stratified according to the size of
establishments. Large establishments (with 30 or more persons employed)
are all included in the sample, as are medium-size establishments (the
size of which varies with the stratum). Small establishments are
selected with probability proportional to size and with a weight which
is the inverse of their probability of selection. About 73 per cent of
all manufacturing establishments are small, with four or fewer persons
employed. In 1989, the sample for manufacturing included 1,150
establishments representing about 18 per cent of the total.
A completely new sample is selected after completion of a new
Registration of Establishments.
Field work
Data collection
Data are collected during the period July-December following the
reference year, by personal interviews carried out by the regular staff
of the Department of Statistics and Research, assisted by enumerators
recruited on a temporary basis.
Survey questionnaire
This consists of nine parts. The first is designed to
collect information on the characteristics of the establishment,
including the name, location, economic activity and size (in terms of
employment, gross output and value added), and contains instructions for
completing the questionnaire. The other eight parts are designed to
collect data on the following for each establishment in the sample:
- employment, earnings and employers' contributions;
- sales and production of goods and services;
- production expenditure;
- rent, interest, depreciation and indirect taxes;
- expenditure on fixed assets;
- value of stocks;
- administrative and other related expenditure;
- expected employment, output and expenditure on fixed assets.
Substitution of sampling units
None.
Data processing and editing
The questionnaires are checked and edited both manually and by computer.
Computer editing includes consistency checks and validation of data.
Types of estimates
- totals of employment, wages and salaries and compensation of
employees per year;
- average compensation of employees per employee per year.
Construction of indices
Index numbers are not constructed.
Weighting of sample results
The survey results are grossed up using the inverse of the sampling
fraction.
Adjustments
Non-response
Not available.
Other bias
Not available.
Use of benchmark data
Not relevant.
Use of other surveys
Not relevant.
Indicators of reliability of the estimates
Coverage of the sampling frame
The Registration of Establishments provides for complete coverage of
establishments.
Sampling error / sampling variance
About 2.4 per cent with a 95 per cent confidence interval, and about 3.2
per cent with a 99 per cent confidence interval, for employment in
manufacturing in the 1991 survey.
Non-response rate
Not available.
Non-sampling errors
Not available.
Conformity with other sources
Every five years, the Department of Statistics and Research conducts a
Census of Industrial Production, covering large establishments with five
or more persons engaged on a complete enumeration basis, and small
establishments with four or fewer persons engaged on a sample basis.
The Census provides the basis for reviewing the intercensal estimates of
employment, output and value added that are compiled from the annual
survey.
Available series
The following tables are prepared regularly:
- employment and compensation of employees by major category of
persons engaged and industry;
- average compensation of employees per employee per year;
- average number of days worked by operatives, by industry.
History of the survey
The Industrial Survey has been carried out each year since 1963. It has
been carried out in its present form since 1976.
Prior to 1974, the data covered the whole country.
Prior to 1976, the data were classified according to the 1958 version
of ISIC. From 1976, ISIC, Rev.2, 1968, has been used.
and since then, has been conducted without any major changes.
Documentation
Department of Statistics and Research, Ministry of Finance:
Industrial Statistics (annual; Nicosia). The survey results are
published about 18 months after the reference year.
Data may also be made available on diskette, in ASCII files.
Confidentiality / Reliability criteria
In compliance with the Statistical Law (47/1968), all data collected
are treated as confidential and used only for statistical purposes. No
data are published for individual enterprises, or where there are only
one or two enterprises in an industrial activity, unless prior agreement
has been obtained from the enterprise concerned, or in cases where the
enterprise was a semi-government organization or a public company.
Other information
Data supplied to the ILO for publication
Estimates of average compensation of employees in manufacturing per
employee per year are published in Tables 22A and 22B of the
Yearbook of Labour Statistics.