Ukraine
Title of the survey
Monthly and quarterly surveys of enterprises, establishments and
organisations on labour issues.
Organization responsible
State Statistics Committee of Ukraine.
Periodicity of the survey
Monthly and quarterly.
Objectives of the survey
To monitor the changes occurring in the levels of employment and
remuneration on the basis of hours worked.
Main labour topics covered by the survey
Monthly: employment, wage rates, earnings and hours of work;
Quarterly: employment, wage rates, earnings and hours of work by
sex; distribution of employees by levels of wages and salaries,
labour turnover and utilisation of working time.
Reference period
The month, for each variable.
Coverage of the survey
Geographical
The whole country.
Industrial
All branches of economic activity, except the armed forces and
private households with employed persons.
Establishments
Large and middle size enterprises, i.e. all those above a
cut-off point determined for small size enterprises. This
cut-off point varies between 10 and 50 employees, depending on
the economic activity.
Persons
All employees.
Occupations
Data are not collected by individual occupation.
Concepts and definitions
Employment
Employees encompass all persons who are registered by their main
employment, whether permanent or temporary, on a full- or
part-time basis. Included are working proprietors and directors
who receive a salary, wage earners, salaried employees,
apprentices, trainees, workers on probation, piece workers,
commission agents, home workers and persons temporarily present
on payroll, provided they are present on the payroll of the
reference month.
Excluded are casual workers, contributing family workers and
persons absent from work for military service.
Each month, data are collected on the total number of employees,
without any other distinction.
Each quarter, employment data are collected by sex, and the
following categories of workers are separately identified:
temporary workers; part-time workers and employees temporarily
absent from work for reasons such as paid or unpaid vacation or
holiday, lay off, short-time working, industrial dispute,
sickness or accident.
Earnings
Data refer to gross monthly wages and salaries of employees,
before deduction of employees' income and other taxes,
contributions to social security and pension schemes, union dues
and other employees' obligations.
Gross wages and salaries include ordinary time earnings, premium
pay for overtime, night, shift or holiday work, incentive pay;
commissions; housing, cost-of-living, transport and family
allowances paid directly by the employer; remuneration for time
not worked (annual leave, vacation, public holidays, other time
off with pay, etc.); regular and irregular bonuses, premiums and
wage supplements; the value of earnings in kind and
profit-sharing bonuses (excluding dividends).
Each month, data are collected on (i) ordinary time earnings and
(ii) all other components of earnings.
Each quarter, data are collected on earnings by sex and separate
data are collected on the following components: remuneration for
time not worked for annual leave, vacation, public holidays;
other time off with pay; and social security payments and
assistance in cash provided by the employer.
Quarterly, information is also collected on employees' income
tax.
Wage / salary rates
They refer to the basic rates of pay for hours worked, work and
services performed, as set in the unified rates and tariffs.
They exclude cost-of-living allowances, other guaranteed and
regularly paid allowances, family allowances and payments in
kind.
Quarterly data are collected on the wage rates of all employees
and separately, of employees engaged in basic activities
(excluding subsidiary and servicing enterprises).
Hours of work
Hours actually worked comprise normal hours worked and paid for,
and paid overtime hours, on which data are collected separately.
They include time spent at the place of work on tasks such as the
preparation of the workplace, repairs, maintenance, preparation
and cleaning of tools and some inactive periods of time spent at
the workplace (e.g. short rest periods).
Hours not worked because of vacation, sickness or accident,
occupational injury or illness, stand by due to bad weather or
economic reasons, civil responsibility, study leave, professional
training, industrial disputes, trade unions and employers'
organisations activities are separately identified.
Time corresponding to meal breaks, maternity or parental leave,
military service, short-time working, disciplinary suspension and
commuting time is excluded.
Data on hours of work are collected monthly. Each quarter, they
are collected by sex, and data are reported on hours lost for
economic reasons: e.g. lack of market for produced commodities,
lack of raw materials, financial constraints, etc.
International recommendations
The definitions of basic wage rates, wages and salaries
(earnings) and hours actually worked conform to the guidelines
contained in the international recommendations.
Classifications
Industrial
Data are classified according to the Common Classifier of the
National Economy Industries of Ukraine.
Occupational
Not relevant.
Others
Quarterly, data on employment and earnings are classified by sex,
type of ownership, legal status and region, and data on hours
actually worked are classified by sex and region.
Sample size and design
Statistical unit
The observation unit is the enterprise, organisation or
establishment.
Survey universe / sample frame
This consists of the Unified State Register of enterprises,
organisations and establishments, maintained by the State
Statistics Committee. In the case of small size enterprises, the
Register is updated on a permanent and continuous basis. The
list of large and middle size enterprises is reviewed each year.
Sample design
The survey is based on a complete enumeration of enterprises
within the scope of the survey.
Field work
Data collection
The survey is conducted by post; data are collected during the
week which follows the reference month.
Survey questionnaire
Available in Ukrainian.
Substitution of sampling units
No substitution is applied in case of total non-response.
Data processing and editing
Data are processed and checked by computer. In case of missing
or inconsistent data, respondents are contacted by telephone.
Types of estimates
Total number of employees (in terms of persons and in full-time
equivalents);
Average wage rates for normal or usual hours of work;
Average monthly earnings; these are obtained by dividing the
allocated wage fund (i.e. the total amount of wages and
salaries) by the average number of employees during the reference
month;
Average hours actually worked.
Aggregates and averages are computed for the month and for the
period between the beginning of the year and the reference month.
Construction of indices
Index numbers are not constructed.
Weighting of sample results
Not relevant.
Adjustments
Non-response
None.
Other bias
None.
Use of benchmark data
None.
Seasonal variations
No adjustments are made for seasonal variations.
Indicators of reliability of the estimates
Coverage of the sampling frame
Not available.
Sampling error / sampling variance
Not relevant.
Non-response rate
Not available.
Non-sampling errors
Inaccuracies may occur because of incorrect responses or
tabulations.
Conformity with other sources
Not relevant.
Available series
Published tables include average number of employees, wage rates,
average monthly earnings and hours actually worked per month
(since 1996), by economic activity. Average number of hours lost
for economic reasons is compiled quarterly.
History of the survey
The survey was introduced in 1992. Questionnaires have undergone
adjustments every year. A shift from complete enumeration to
sample surveys will probably occur in the future.
Documentation
State Statistics Committee: Ukraine Statistical Yearbook and
Statistical Abstract Labour in Ukraine (annual, Kiev):
idem: Statistical Bulletin (quarterly, ibid.).
Each month, statistical reports on earnings are also produced.
Monthly data are released on the 21st of the following month.
Quarterly data are published on the 15th of the month following
the reference quarter.
Confidentiality / Reliability criteria
No data are published for individual enterprises.
Other information
Data supplied to the ILO for publication
The following data are published in the
Yearbook of Labour Statistics:
Paid employment, by economic activity
Average monthly earnings of employees by economic activity and by
sex, and in manufacturing, by industry group;
Average hours actually worked per month by economic activity
(since 1996). (The data up to 1995 referred to average workdays
per month - this series has been discontinued.)
Other sources of data
Certain years (e.g. in 1996 and 1997), the State Statistics
Committee of Ukraine conducts a survey on wages and hours of work
by occupation. The results have been published by the ILO in the
1997 and 1998 issues of
Statistics on occupational wages and hours of work and on food prices - October Inquiry results, a special supplement to the ILO Bulletin of Labour Statistics.