Paraguay

Title: Tercera encuesta de presupuisto familiares

GENERAL INFORMATION AND BASIC DEFINITIONS

1. Background

Further information is available from Banco Central del Paraguay Federación Rusa y bgto Mareco, fax: 619 2078, e-mail: mmora@bcp.gov.py.
Data have been collected by household survey since 1938.

2. Purpose and coverage

The following purposes are considered to be very important or of some importance:

to obtain weights for consumer price index
to estimate household expenditure for national accounts
to study the general structure of household incomes/expenditures
to study income/expenditure patterns of disadvantaged groups, including pensioner households, single parent households, etc
to study income/expenditure disparities among socio-economic groups
for general poverty and/or income distribution studies
for market research purposes

Lesser importance is attached to:

to study consumer behaviour among socio-economic groups
to study effects on income and expenditure of policy changes, especially tax changes

Geographic coverage: Main cities only, namely Greater Asuncion, Asuncion, Filo de la Mora, Luque, San Lorenzo, Lambare and Copiola with the following geographic areas excluded: rural area.

Population coverage:
The following types of household are included in the data collection:

one person private households
private households with more than one person

The following types of household are excluded in the data collection:

those in collective housing (such as long term hospitals, prisons, monasteries, military quarters)
non-resident households of nationals (households of nationals located abroad)
diplomatic households in the country
households of other foreigners in the country
armed forces residing in private housing within military base
armed forces residing in private housing outside military base

Units:
Dwelling units are used in the sample selection and are characterised by:

single structure - detached housing unit
single unit in a structure containing more than one housing unit

Data are recorded for the household unit which is characterised by:

two or more people living together:
- sharing a common budget for (at least) food and housing expenditures

Unit members: Usual residents temporarily living away from the dwelling are not included as unit members. Visitors (not usual residents) temporarily living in the dwelling are not included as unit members. Domestic staff living in same dwelling/compound are not included in the unit. Renters living in same dwelling/compound are not included in the unit. Boarders living in same dwelling/compound are not included in the unit.

Head of unit:
The concept of head of household/other unit is used in this survey and is characterised by:

main income earner

3. Reference periods

The time period to which income and/or expenditure statistics refer when released/published is from 06/90 to 06/91.This survey is conducted 10-yearly. The statistics are published 10-yearly.

SURVEY METHODOLOGY

4. Sample design

The Primary, Secondary and Ultimate Sampling Units are none, none and none respectively.

Stratification:

The sampling frames for the Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) and Ultimate Sampling Unit (USU) were none and none respectively.

DATA COLLECTION, CONCEPTS, DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATIONS

5. Income data

Income data are collected. Receipts do not have to be regular and recurring to be considered as income. Income includes receipts resulting from the sale or reduction of assets and/or from incurring liabilities are included in income. Income excludes receipts that are not currently available to the unit.

The following receipts are collected separately:

wages and salaries
cash bonuses and gratuities
commissions and tips
remuneration for time not worked, e.g. leave pay
termination and redundancy payments
employee social security contributions
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: housing
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: meals
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: car/transportation
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: goods or services produced by employer
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: other goods or services
profit/loss from unincorporated enterprises (mixed income)
goods produced for own consumption
services produced for own consumption
goods produced for barter
services produced for barter
services from owner-occupied dwellings
interest received
dividends
rentals (payment received for produced assets e.g. house)
rents (payment received for un-produced assets e.g. land)
royalties
regular pensions/annuities from schemes to which employee does not contribute
retirement pensions from compulsory social security schemes
family-related allowances
sickness benefits
invalidity benefits
education-related allowances
housing allowances
free government dwelling
subsidized government dwelling
food subsidies
regular support received from non-profit institutions serving households: cash, e.g. scholarships
regular support received from non-profit institutions serving households: goods and services
regular support received from non-profit institutions serving households: free dwelling
regular support received from non-profit institutions serving households: subsidized dwelling
regular inter-household transfers received from: family, e.g. alimony, child/parental support
regular inter-household transfers received from: regular inheritances or trusts
regular inter-household transfers received from: regular cash gifts
regular inter-household transfers received from: regular in-kind gifts
regular inter-household transfers received from: free dwelling
regular inter-household transfers received from: subsidized dwelling
regular inter-household transfers received from: regular free services
social transfers in kind: medical services
social transfers in kind: transport subsidies
social transfers in kind: others

The following receipts are not collected:

employer social security contributions
drawing for own use from unincorporated enterprises
stock consumed from unincorporated enterprise
services from other consumer durables (net)
social transfers in kind: public education
social transfers in kind: cultural and recreational services

The following receipts are collected using the last 12 months as the reference period:

wages and salaries
cash bonuses and gratuities
commissions and tips
remuneration for time not worked, e.g. leave pay
termination and redundancy payments
employee social security contributions
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: housing
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: meals
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: car/transportation
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: goods or services produced by employer
employee income in-kind provided free or subsidized: other goods or services
profit/loss from unincorporated enterprises (mixed income)
goods produced for own consumption
services produced for own consumption
goods produced for barter
services produced for barter
services from owner-occupied dwellings
interest received
dividends
rentals (payment received for produced assets e.g. house)
rents (payment received for un-produced assets e.g. land)
royalties
regular pensions/annuities from schemes to which employee does not contribute
retirement pensions from compulsory social security schemes
family-related allowances
sickness benefits
invalidity benefits
education-related allowances
housing allowances
free government dwelling
subsidized government dwelling
food subsidies
regular support received from non-profit institutions serving households: cash, e.g. scholarships
regular support received from non-profit institutions serving households: goods and services
regular support received from non-profit institutions serving households: free dwelling
regular support received from non-profit institutions serving households: subsidized dwelling
regular inter-household transfers received from: family, e.g. alimony, child/parental support
regular inter-household transfers received from: regular inheritances or trusts
regular inter-household transfers received from: regular cash gifts
regular inter-household transfers received from: regular in-kind gifts
regular inter-household transfers received from: free dwelling
regular inter-household transfers received from: subsidized dwelling
regular inter-household transfers received from: regular free services
social transfers in kind: medical services
social transfers in kind: transport subsidies
social transfers in kind: others

Income data were collected separately for each person receiving income. Components of income for an individual were collected directly from the individual. Negative values (business losses) were excluded when computing self-employment income.

6. Expenditure data

Data collection method:
Diaries are used to collect expenditure data and are maintained for one week.

Diaries are used to collect expenditure on the following items:

food
alcohol, tobacco

Diaries are not used to collect expenditure on the following items:

food
alcohol, tobacco

Interviews are used to collect expenditure data with the respondent completing the interview by a mix of recall and using documentation.

Data for the following expenditure items are collected by referring:

to expenditures in last one month:
- other household non-durable goods
- other personal non-durable goods
- households services
- personal services

to expenditures in last 12 months:
- clothing, footwear
- housing
- other durable goods

Data for the following expenditure items are not collected by interview because they are collected by diary:

food

The following types of expenditure items are classified as 'Household consumption expenditure':

non-durable goods purchased
durable goods purchased (except housing)
services of owner-occupied housing
out of pocket education expenditures, gross of refunds
out of pocket transport expenditures, gross of refunds
second hand goods purchased
expenditure abroad
valuables: jewels, clocks, etc..

The following types of expenditure items are classified as 'Actual Household consumption':

income in-kind receipts of goods
income in-kind receipts of services
in-kind goods received from other households
in-kind services received from other households
social transfers in-kind of goods and services from government and non-profit institutions serving households

The following types of expenditure items are classified as 'Non-consumption household expenditure':

mortgage repayments, including interest
major repairs, conversions and extensions to owner-occupied housing
interest payments (excluding mortgage interest payments)
financial services (including fees for financial advice, brokerage fees)
non-life insurance premiums (e.g. vehicle, housing, other property, medical)
life insurance premiums
licences and fees (e.g. driver's licence, hunting licence, vehicle registration)
gambling expenditure
out of pocket health expenditure, gross of claims
housing maintenance, minor repairs
regular cash payments to others outside the household
non-regular cash payments to others outside the household
purchase of gifts of goods and services given to others outside the household
compulsory transfers to governments (e.g. contributions to government old age and disability insurance program, taxes)

The following types of expenditure items are classified as 'Non-household expenditure':

investment-related expenditures (e.g. purchase of shares/stocks)
occupational expenditures
other business-related expenditures

The following types of expenditure items are excluded due to measurement problems:

purchase price of owner-occupied housing
own produced non-durable goods
own-produced durable goods
own-produced services
services from durables owned (except housing)

The following types of expenditure items are collected on an 'acquisitions' basis:

non-durable goods purchased
durable goods purchased (except housing)
purchase price of owner-occupied housing
mortgage repayments, including interest
services of owner-occupied housing
major repairs, conversions and extensions to owner-occupied housing
income in-kind receipts of goods
income in-kind receipts of services
own produced non-durable goods
own-produced durable goods
own-produced services
services from durables owned (except housing)
in-kind goods received from other households
in-kind services received from other households
social transfers in-kind of goods and services from government and non-profit institutions serving households
interest payments (excluding mortgage interest payments)
financial services (including fees for financial advice, brokerage fees)
non-life insurance premiums (e.g. vehicle, housing, other property, medical)
life insurance premiums
licences and fees (e.g. driver's licence, hunting licence, vehicle registration)
gambling expenditure
out of pocket health expenditure, gross of claims
out of pocket education expenditures, gross of refunds
out of pocket transport expenditures, gross of refunds
housing maintenance, minor repairs
regular cash payments to others outside the household
purchase of gifts of goods and services given to others outside the household
second hand goods purchased
expenditure abroad
valuables: jewels, clocks, etc..
compulsory transfers to governments (e.g. contributions to government old age and disability insurance program, taxes)
investment-related expenditures (e.g. purchase of shares/stocks)
occupational expenditures
other business-related expenditures

Classification: A national classification is used for classifying expenditure and has 4 separate categories at the finest level. The classification is consistent with COICOP at the Group (3 digit) level.

7. Other Data Collection Issues

The following other topics are covered:

demographic characteristics
education attainment of members
employment status of members
occupation of members
ownership of selected durable goods
housing characteristics
savings
indebtedness

Households are requested to indicate whether durable goods are new or second-hand when their acquisition is recorded.

Non-response: Non-response households (refusals and non-contacts) are substituted.

Non-response is reduced using more than one repeat visits.

Reporting errors are reduced using the following measures:

bounding interview
adequate cues or props for prompting
quality control

DATA PROCESSING, ANALYSIS AND DISSEMINATION

Answers are pre-coded on data collection forms to the extent possible.

The responses are edited by the following:

interviewers, data collectors
field supervisors
office staff

Extreme values are deleted. Neither in-kind receipts nor consumption of own production is included in the estimates.

Treatment of owner-occupied housing:

Treatment of selected groups/values in analysis: Some households/units are excluded from analysis because of incomplete response. Missing values are imputed always . Supplementary sources are not used to adjust estimates for under- or over-reporting. No groups are excluded from data analysis.

Weighting:
Weighting factors are used to adjust for:

sampling
non-response

Sampling errors: Sampling errors are computed for Total Income/Expenditure aggregates only but these sampling errors are not available.

Tabulation and Analysis: Statistics are presented showing averages per year and statistics are analysed and tabulated for households only.

The following classifications are used for tabulation and analysis of expenditure statistics:

age of reference person or head of household
occupation of reference person or head of household
expenditure percentiles
expenditure classes in monetary terms

Documentation and Dissemination:
Published survey reports: tercera encuesto de presupuesto familiares, 1992
Published methodological information: mercado interno, 1997

Additional statistics (or special tables on request) are available for public use, free of charge. Separate tables are published for households with wages/salaries as main source of income. Files of unidentifiable unit data are not available (or available on request) for public use.