Switzerland
Following the adoption by the Fifteenth International
Conference of Labour Statisticians (Geneva, 19-28 January 1993)
of a Resolution concerning statistics of strikes, lockouts and
other action due to labour disputes, Switzerland is planning a
revision of the concepts relating to statistics of labour
disputes, which will constitute a new reference point for its
statistics of strikes and lockouts, expected to take effect from
1993.
The following description refers to the methods used up to and
including 1992.
Organization responsible for the statistics
The statistics are collected, compiled and published by the
Office fédéral de l'industrie, des arts et métiers et du travail
(OFIAMT).
Objectives and users
Not available.
Coverage
Strikes and lockouts
The statistics cover:
- constitutional or official strikes
- unofficial strikes
- sympathetic strikes
- political or protest strikes
- general strikes
- work stoppages initiated by employers
- rotating or revolving strikes
- sit-ins
- bouchon strikes (strikes affecting only one part of an
enterprise or just a few workers, but in a sufficiently strategic
position to paralyse the whole enterprise)
The statistics refer only to collective labour disputes resulting
in a strike or lockout, thus automatically implying a work
stoppage.
Working to rule, go-slows and overtime bans are not included.
Minimum threshold:
Duration of at least 24 hours.
Economic activities
International organizations and embassies are not covered.
Workers
Workers directly involved and workers indirectly involved. In
addition to regular paid employees, including part-time workers,
the statistics cover temporary, casual and seasonal workers.
Unpaid family workers, workers laid off, or workers absent on
sick or annual leave or absent for any other reason, are not
included.
No particular occupational groups are excluded.
Geographic areas
Whole country.
Types of data collected
- number of disputes (strikes and lockouts)
- number of economic units involved
- branch of economic activity
- number of workers involved
- duration
- time not worked
- cause of dispute
- outcome of dispute
- method of settlement
- collective agreement in force
Concepts and definitions
Collective labour dispute (conflit collectif de travail)
The collective term used for all strikes and lockouts.
Strike
A work stoppage initiated by a group or groups of employees
concerning only those persons who reacted to the call to strike.
Lockout
A work stoppage initiated by one or more employers, taking into
account only the workers to whom the employer has closed his or
her establishment.
The definitions are drawn from ILO: International
recommendations on labour statistics (Geneva, 1976).
Methods of measurement
Strikes and lockouts
The basic unit of measurement used to record a strike is the case
of dispute. The continuation of a strike or lockout that is
interrupted but later resumes, still due to the same case of
dispute, is considered to be the same strike or lockout, if it
recommences during the same calendar year.
Work stoppages occurring in different establishments but due
to the same case of dispute are considered as one strike or
lockout. In particular, work stoppages arising from the same
case of dispute, occurring simultaneously or at different times
in different establishments of the same enterprise or in
establishments of different enterprises are counted as one strike
or lockout.
Economic units involved
The economic unit is the establishment, defined (according to the
Recensement fédérale des entreprises) as any workplace at a
single geographic location where an activity is carried on
regularly (local unit). Consequently, one enterprise may be made
up of several establishments.
Workers involved
The number of workers involved is counted as the maximum number
of workers that took part during the course of the stoppage, even
if some workers participated for only part of the duration. The
number of part-time workers is converted to full-time
equivalents.
Duration
The duration is measured in workdays from the date on which the
strike or lockout began in the first economic unit involved up to
the date on which it terminated in the last one.
Time not worked
Time not worked is not always calculated in a consistent manner.
In some cased, the data refer to the exact number of days not
worked, calculated by summing the number of days not worked by
each worker. In other cases, time not worked is obtained simply
by multiplying the number of workers involved by the duration.
Time not worked is measured for all workers involved, whether
directly or indirectly, but not separately. The shorter working
hours of part-time workers are not taken into account, nor is
overtime.
Classifications
Cause of dispute
- pay issues
- collective bargaining agreements
- trade union matters
- dismissals
- suspension of work
- others
Branch of economic activity
The data are classified by branch of economic activity using the
Nomenclature générale des activités économiques, 1985 of the
Office fédéral de la statistique. In the case of a general
strike affecting several industries, the enterprises involved and
the employees on strike in those enterprises are classified, as
far as possible, according to the branches of economic activity
involved.
Reference period and periodicity
The statistics are compiled and published for periods of a year.
They refer to strikes and lockouts beginning during the
particular reference period plus those continuing from the
previous period.
Analytical measures
None.
Historical background of the series
Not available.
Documentation
Series available
Not available.
Bibliographic references
Département fédéral de l'économie publique: La vie
économique (monthly).
Office fédéral de la statistique: Annuaire statistique de
la Suisse (annual).
Data published by the ILO
The number of strikes and lockouts, the number of workers involved, the
number of days not worked and rates of days not worked, by economic activity.
Confidentiality
Not available.
International standards
Not available.
Methods of data collection
There is no legal obligation to report the occurrence of a strike
or lockout. The information on strikes and lockouts is collected
by OFIAMT which, on the basis of reports in the daily press or on
radio or television, requests the employers and workers'
organizations concerned to fill in a form.