Italy
Organization responsible for the statistics
The statistics are collected by the police at the provincial
level, and are compiled and published by the Istituto centrale di
statistica (ISTAT).
Objectives and users
Not available.
Coverage
Strikes and lockouts
The statistics cover:
- constitutional or official strikes
- unofficial strikes
- sympathetic strikes
- political or protest strikes
- general strikes
- work stoppages initiated by employers
- rotating or revolving strikes
- go-slows
Working to rule and overtime bans are not included in the
statistics.
Minimum threshold
None.
Economic activities
No particular branches of economic activity or sectors are
excluded.
Workers
Workers directly involved only. In addition to regular paid
employees, including part-time workers, the statistics cover
temporary, casual and seasonal workers, and unpaid family
workers. In the case of lockouts, employers are also included.
Not included are workers laid off, workers absent on sick or
annual leave, or absent for any other reason.
No particular occupational groups are excluded from the
statistics.
Geographic areas
Whole country.
Types of data collected
- number of strikes and lockouts
- number of workers involved
- time not worked
- matter in dispute
Concepts and definitions
Strike (sciopero)
A dispute between one or more groups of workers and one or
more employers which, during the reference month, led to a
temporary work stoppage of any duration.
Lockout (serrata)
A dispute between one or more groups of workers and one or
more employers which, during the reference month, led to a
temporary work stoppage of any duration.
Methods of measurement
Strikes and lockouts
The basic unit of measurement used to record a strike or lockout
is the case of dispute.
A strike or lockout interrupted but later resumed, still due
to the same case of dispute, is counted as a continuation of the
same action, but only if the interruption does not exceed a
period of about one year.
Work stoppages resulting from the same case of dispute,
occurring simultaneously in different establishments of the same
enterprise or in establishments of different enterprises are
counted as one strike or lockout.
Those occurring at different times in different establishments
of the same enterprise or in establishments of different
enterprises, still due to the same case of dispute, are also
counted as one strike or lockout.
Workers involved
The number of workers involved in a strike is the weighted daily
average. Part-time workers are counted as individuals on the
same basis as full-time workers.
Time not worked
Total time not worked is measured in terms of workhours as the
product of the number of workers involved and the duration.
The shorter working hours of part-time workers are taken into
account in theory, but until now this phenomenon has been
insignificant. Overtime is not taken into account.
Classifications
Cause of dispute
- wage claims
- dismissals
- renegotiation of a collective agreement
- suspension of workers or reduction of working time
- reasons not directly related to work (including general
strikes)
- other
Branch of economic activity
Data are classified by branch of economic activity using the
national classification. In the case of a general strike, one
strike is registered in each branch of economic activity
involved, but only one at the national level.
Number of workers involved
16 classes, from 1 to 10 workers up to 50,001 workers or more.
Time not worked
27 classes, from 1 to 250 workhours, up to 2,000,001 workhours or
more.
Other
Reference period and periodicity
Statistics are compiled and published for periods of a month and
a year, and also for progressive periods, such as
January-February, January-March, January-April. Information
collected refers to strikes and lockouts beginning during the
particular reference period plus those continuing from the
previous period.
Analytical measures
None.
Historical background of the series
Not available.
Documentation
Series available
Not available.
Bibliographic references
Istituto centrale di statistica (ISTAT): Notiziario foglio
31 (monthly);
Idem: Indicatori mensili (monthly);
Idem: Bollettino mensile di statistica (monthly);
Idem: Collana di informazioni (annual);
and all general publications of ISTAT.
Data published by the ILO
The number of strikes and lockouts, the number of workers involved and
the number of days not worked, by economic activity.
Confidentiality
Not available.
International standards
Not available.
Methods of data collection
There is no legal obligation to report the occurrence of a strike
or lockout.