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<p><a href="intro/index.htm" target="content"><b>Introduction</b></a></p>
<ul><li><a href="intro/index.htm#1" target="content">Purpose and rationale</a></li>
<li><a href="intro/index.htm#2" target="content">1998 ILO Declaration</a></li>
<li><a href="intro/index.htm#3" target="content">Initial Focus on the Fundamental</a></li>
<li><a href="intro/index.htm#4" target="content">A Caveat</a></li>
<li><a href="intro/index.htm#5" target="content">Seeing the Law in Context</a></li>
<li><a href="intro/index.htm#6" target="content">Making Laws Accessible</a></li>
<li><a href="intro/index.htm#7" target="content">Scope</a></li>
<li><a href="intro/index.htm#8" target="content">Format</a></li></ul>
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<p><a href="#top">Top</a></p>
<p><a href="ch1/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter I.</b> Labour legislation in the contemporary world</a>
</p>
<ul><li><a href="ch1/index.htm#1" target="content">Purpose of regulation</a>��</li>��
<li><a href="ch1/index.htm#2" target="content">Subject-matter of labour legislation</a>��</li>
<li><a href="ch1/index.htm#3" target="content">Labour law traditions</a></li>
<li><a href="ch1/index.htm#4" target="content">Contemporary challenges to labour legislation</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch1/index.htm#5" target="content">Balancing social protection and equity objectives and economic efficiency objectives</a></li>
<li><a href="ch1/index.htm#6" target="content">The representation gap, atypical or precarious employment relationships and gender: regulating inclusively</a></li>
</ul></li></ul>
<a name="ch2"></a>
<p><a href="#top">Top</a></p>
<p><a href="ch2/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter II.</b> Substantive provisions of labour legislation: <i>Freedom of
association</i></a></a></p>
<ul><li><a href="ch2/index.htm#1" target="content">Introduction</a>
���
<ul><li><a href="ch2/index.htm#1" target="content">The fundamental importance of freedom of association</a></li>��
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#2" target="content">International protection of freedom of
association�</a>�</li>�������
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#3" target="content">Government's role in securing freedom of
association��</a>�</li></ul></li>���������
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#4" target="content">Legislation on freedom of
association�</a>�
<ul><li><a href="ch2/index.htm#5" target="content">General provisions to secure freedom of
association�</a></li>�
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#6" target="content">Formation and membership of workers' and employers'
organizations</a>����
<ul><li><a href="ch2/index.htm#7" target="content">The right to form and join
organizations����</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#8" target="content">Public servants or public
employees</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#9" target="content">Members of the armed services and the
police</a>�</li>����
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#10" target="content">Senior or managerial
employees���</a></li>�
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#11" target="content">Union security arrangements and the right not to join
organizations</a></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#12" target="content">The importance of
non-discrimination</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#13" target="content">Formal requirements for the establishment of
organizations</a>�
<ul><li><a href="ch2/index.htm#14" target="content">Registration of organizations; filing of statutes or
by-laws</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#15" target="content">Cancellation of registration��</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#16" target="content">Structure and governance of workers' and employers'
organizations�</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch2/index.htm#17" target="content">Structure and composition of
organizations�</a></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#18" target="content">Minimum membership
requirements��</a></li>�
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#19" target="content">Limitations on composition of primary-level
organizations</a></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#20" target="content">Trade union monopoly and trade union
diversity</a></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#21" target="content">Internal governance of
organizations�</a></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#22" target="content">Constitutions, statutes or
rules</a></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#23" target="content">Elections within
organizations�</a></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#24" target="content">Finances of workers' and employers'
organizations</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#25" target="content">Dissolution and suspension of
organizations����</a></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#26" target="content">Activities of workers' and employers'
organizations�</a></li>
<li><a href="ch2/index.htm#27" target="content">Protection against discrimination or victimisation on the grounds of trade union membership or activities and against
interference</a></li></ul></li></ul>
<a name="ch3"></a>
<p><a href="#top">Top</a></p>
<p><a href="ch3/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter III.</b> Substantive provisions of labour legislation: <i>Effective recognition of the right to collective
bargaining</i></a></a></p>
<ul><li><a href="ch3/index.htm#1" target="content">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#2" target="content">The parties to whom the right to engage in collective bargaining is to be guaranteed and the level at which it may take
place</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch3/index.htm#3" target="content">The parties to collective bargaining</a></li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#4" target="content">The level at which collective bargaining may take place</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch3/index.htm#5" target="content">Recognition procedures and representativeness�</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#6" target="content">Recognition of exclusive bargaining agents</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch3/index.htm#7" target="content">Duty to fair representation of exclusive bargaining agents</a></li></ul>�</li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#8" target="content">Framework for industrial branch level collective bargaining</a>�
<ul><li><a href="ch3/index.htm#9" target="content">A statutory duty to bargain in good faith�����</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#10" target="content">Duty to provide information for collective bargaining purposes�</a></li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#11" target="content">The subject matter of collective bargaining</a></li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#12" target="content">Collective agreements�</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch3/index.htm#13" target="content">Form and content of collective agreements</a></li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#14" target="content">The legal force of agreements�</a></li>�
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#15" target="content">Registering collective agreements with a public body</a></li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#16" target="content">Notification of collective agreements to workers covered by them</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch3/index.htm#17" target="content">Extension of collective agreements</a></li></ul></li></ul>
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<p><a href="#top">Top</a></p>
<p><a href="ch4/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter IV.</b> Substantive provisions of labour legislation: <i>Settlement of collective labour disputes</i></a>
</p>
<ul><li><a href="ch4/index.htm#1" target="content">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#2" target="content">Definitions and classifications of labour disputes</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch4/index.htm#3" target="content">Concepts</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#4" target="content">Legislative definitions</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#5" target="content">Purpose of labour dispute settlement procedures</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#6" target="content">Reporting of disputes and initiation of the procedure��</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#7" target="content">Conciliation and mediation�</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch4/index.htm#8" target="content">Distinctions between conciliation and mediation</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#9" target="content">Voluntary and compulsory conciliation/mediation�</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#10" target="content">Institutional and ad hoc conciliation</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#11" target="content">Conciliation/mediation procedures���������</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#12" target="content">Arbitration</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch4/index.htm#13" target="content">Voluntary arbitration</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#14" target="content">Compulsory arbitration</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#15" target="content">Arbitration procedures</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#16" target="content">Establishment, functions, composition and operation of disputes settlement institutions</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch4/index.htm#17" target="content">Establishment and functions of disputes settlement institutions</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#18" target="content">Appointment of members to disputes settlement institutions</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#19" target="content">Selection of persons to settle particular disputes</a></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#20" target="content">Status of disputes settlement personnel</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch4/index.htm#21" target="content">Disputes settlement procedures and the right to strike</a></li></ul>
<a name="ch5"></a>
<p><a href="#top">Top</a></p>
<p><a href="ch5/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter V.</b> Substantive provisions of labour legislation: <i>The right to strike</i></a>�
</p>
<ul><li><a href="ch5/index.htm#1" target="content">Introduction</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#2" target="content">The right to strike in constitutions and legislation</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#3" target="content">Definition of strike action that is protected</a>���</li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#4" target="content">Possible exclusions from the right to strike: public servants, essential services, minimum service; disputes over
rights���</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch5/index.htm#5" target="content">Public servants</a></li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#6" target="content">Essential services and emergency situations</a>��</li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#7" target="content">Minimum service</a></li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#8" target="content">Disputes over rights</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#9" target="content">Conditions for the exercise of the right to strike</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch5/index.htm#10" target="content">Exhaustion of conciliation and mediation procedures</a></li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#11" target="content">Strike ballots</a></li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#12" target="content">Notice periods</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch5/index.htm#13" target="content">Peaceful picketing</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch5/index.htm#14" target="content">Protection of strikers against dismissal and temporary replacement of strikers</a></li></ul></li></ul>
<a name="ch6"></a>
<p><a href="#top">Top</a></p>
<p><a href="ch6/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter VI.</b> Substantive provisions of labour legislation: <i>The elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour</i></a>
</p>
<ul><li><a href="ch6/index.htm#1" target="content">Introduction</a>�
<ul><li><a href="ch6/index.htm#2" target="content">International instruments on forced or compulsory labour</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#3" target="content">The role of legislation in eliminating forced or compulsory labour</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#4" target="content">General legislative prohibitions of forced or compulsory labour</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#5" target="content">Debt bondage: prevention and elimination</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch6/index.htm#6" target="content">Legislation prohibiting the use of bonded labour</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#7" target="content">Enforcement of laws prohibiting bonded labour</a></li></ul>�</li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#8" target="content">Trafficking in persons and forced labour: prevention and elimination of trafficking and exploitation of migrants</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch6/index.htm#9" target="content">Legislation prohibiting trafficking in persons</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#10" target="content">Legislation to combat migration in abusive conditions</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#11" target="content">Regulation of activities of recruiters in the emigration country</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#12" target="content">Minimum standards of protection of migrant workers and application of labour laws in the country of immigration and of
emigration</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#13" target="content">Enforcement of legislation concerning trafficking and the exploitation of migrants</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#14" target="content">Domestic workers: prevention of abuse</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch6/index.htm#15" target="content">Legislation on domestic workers</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#16" target="content">Enforcement of legislation on domestic work</a></li></ul></li>
<ul><li><a href="ch6/index.htm#17" target="content">Commercial sexual exploitation of adults and children</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#18" target="content">Legislation and enforcement of laws and regulations concerning the commercial sexual exploitation of adults and
children</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#19" target="content">Special provisions for child victims of commercial sexual exploitation</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#20" target="content">Social and economic programmes for the eradication of the sexual exploitation of adults and children</a></li></ul>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#21" target="content">Enforcement provisions for legislation on forced labour</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch6/index.htm#22" target="content">Inspection of work places</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#23" target="content">Supervision of the activities of authorities in charge of the application of forced labour legislation</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#25" target="content">Complaints procedures</a></li>
<li><a href="ch6/index.htm#26" target="content">Information and awareness campaigns</a></li></ul></li></ul>
<a name="ch7"></a>
<p><a href="#top">Top</a></p>
<p><a href="ch7/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter VII.</b> Substantive provisions of labour legislation: <i>The elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and
occupation</i></a></p>
<ul> <li><a href="ch7/index.htm#1" target="content">The importance of equality in the world of work</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch7/index.htm#2" target="content">ILO instruments</a></li></ul>�</li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#3" target="content">The role of member States and labour legislation in relation to equality in employment and occupation</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#4" target="content">The fundamental principle of non-discrimination</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#5" target="content">Definition of discrimination</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch7/index.htm#6" target="content">Inherent requirements of the job</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#7" target="content">Measures relating to state security</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#8" target="content">Special protective measures</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#9" target="content">Affirmative action measures</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#10" target="content">Definition of employment and occupation</a>�
<ul><li><a href="ch7/index.htm#11" target="content">Employment and occupation</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#12" target="content">Access to the public service</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#13" target="content">Training and vocational guidance</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#14" target="content">Terms and conditions of employment</a><ul><li>
<a href="ch7/index.htm#15" target="content">Security of tenure</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#16" target="content">Equality in remuneration</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#17" target="content">The prohibited grounds of discrimination</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch7/index.htm#18" target="content">Race, colour, national extraction and social origin</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#19" target="content">Sex</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#20" target="content">Sexual harassment</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#21" target="content">Political opinion and religion</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#22" target="content">Other grounds</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch7/index.htm#23" target="content">The situation of migrant workers</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#24" target="content">Age</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#25" target="content">Marital status, family situation and family responsibilities</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#26" target="content">Disability</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#27" target="content">Enforcement</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch7/index.htm#28" target="content">Burden of proof</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#29" target="content">Penalties </a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#30" target="content">Institutions to enforce non-discrimination and promote equality</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch7/index.htm#31" target="content">Labour administration bodies</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#32" target="content">Specialized equality institutions</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#33" target="content">Ombuds</a></li>
<li><a href="ch7/index.htm#34" target="content">Appeal to labour courts</a></li></ul></li></ul>
<a name="ch8"></a>
<p><a href="#top">Top</a></p>
<p><a href="ch8/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter VIII.</b> Substantive provisions of labour legislation: <i>The effective abolition of child labour</i></a>
</p>
<ul><li><a href="ch8/index.htm#1" target="content">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#2" target="content">Legislative prohibition of child labour</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch8/index.htm#3" target="content">Legislation on minimum age for admission to work</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#4" target="content">Implementation of legislation on minimum age for admission to work</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch8/index.htm#5" target="content">Sanctions for violation of legislation</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#6" target="content">Investigation, inspection and other means of enforcement</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#8" target="content">Social and economic measures to eliminate child labour</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch8/index.htm#9" target="content">Preventive and protective measures</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#10" target="content">Education</a></li></ul></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#11" target="content">Elimination of the worst forms of child labour</a>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#12" target="content">Slavery or practices similar to slavery</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch8/index.htm#13" target="content">The sale and trafficking of children</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#14" target="content">Debt bondage and serfdom</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#15" target="content">Forced or compulsory labour, including the forced or compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflict</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#16" target="content">Other forms of slavery and practices similar to slavery and forced or compulsory labour</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#17" target="content">Child prostitution and pornography</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#18" target="content">The use of children for other illicit activities</a>�</li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#19" target="content">Work that jeopardizes the health, safety or morals of children</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#20" target="content">Special groups and hidden work situations</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#21" target="content">Implementation and enforcement</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#22" target="content">Penal and other sanctions</a></li>
<li><a href="ch8/index.htm#23" target="content">Other measures for the enforcement and implementation of provisions on the worst forms of child labour</a></li>�</li>�</ul>
<a name="ch9"></a>
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<p><a href="ch9/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter IX.</b> The drafting process</a>
</p>
<ul><li><a href="ch9/index.htm#1" target="content">The purposes of the proposed legislation and the legislative plan</a>
<a href="ch9/index.htm#2" target="content">Purposes</a>
<a href="ch9/index.htm#3" target="content">The legislative plan</a></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#4" target="content">ILO involvement in the legislative drafting process: the ILO project plan and/or terms of reference</a></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#5" target="content">Involving the workers' and employers' organizations and other interested parties</a>�
<ul><li><a href="ch9/index.htm#6" target="content">Formal arrangements</a></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#7" target="content">Ad hoc arrangements</a></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#8" target="content">Regional arrangements</a></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#9" target="content">The ILO role in the labour law reform process</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#10" target="content">Relationship to existing law</a></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#11" target="content">Practicability</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch9/index.htm#12" target="content">Regulatory feasibility: cost/benefit analysis</a></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#13" target="content">Administrative feasibility</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#14" target="content">Design</a></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#15" target="content">The use of comparative labour law</a></li>
<li><a href="ch9/index.htm#16" target="content">Relationship to other relevant legislation</a> </li></ul>
<a name="ch10"></a>
<p><a href="#top">Top</a></p>
<p><a href="ch10/index.htm" target="content"><b>Chapter X.</b> Drafting rules</a>
</p>
<ul><li><a href="ch10/index.htm#1" target="content">Composition and review</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch10/index.htm#2" target="content">Composition</a></li>
<li><a href="ch10/index.htm#3" target="content">Review</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch10/index.htm#4" target="content">Rules affecting the legal contents of an enactment</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch10/index.htm#5" target="content">Constitutionality</a></li>
<li><a href="ch10/index.htm#6" target="content">International obligations</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ch10/index.htm#7" target="content">Rules determining style and language of an enactment</a>
<ul><li><a href="ch10/index.htm#8" target="content">Basic style requirements</a></li>
<li><a href="ch10/index.htm#9" target="content">Gender-neutral language</a></li>
<li><a href="ch10/index.htm#10" target="content">Bilingual (multilingual) drafting</a></li></ul></li></ul>
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