Limits (550,-666)
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Keywords: Limits
Total judgments found: 169
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Judgment 1576
82nd Session, 1997
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 4
Extract:
"Since the award of end-of-service promotion falls within the Director-General's discretion, the Tribunal exercises only a limited power of review: it will intervene only if there has been breach of some rule of form or procedure or a mistake of law or fact or failure to take some essential fact into account."
Keywords:
discretion; disregard of essential fact; executive head; formal flaw; judicial review; limits; mistake of fact; procedural flaw; promotion; separation from service;
Judgment 1564
82nd Session, 1997
World Health Organization
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 8
Extract:
"The firm case law has it that the Tribunal will not interfere with the comparison of entrants in a competition. Only when it appears that the choice of candidate may rest on some mistake of fact or law or there may have been misuse of authority will the Tribunal order the production of evidence so that it may review such comparison and will the complainant be entitled to see such evidence. In the instant case the review of the selection procedure reveals neither a breach of the Organization's Staff Regulations or other rules, nor any mistake of fact or law, nor misuse of authority."
Keywords:
abuse of power; candidate; case law; competition; confidential evidence; disclosure of evidence; discretion; due process; judicial review; limits; mistake of fact; misuse of authority; staff regulations and rules;
Judgment 1556
81st Session, 1996
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 5
Extract:
"Like appointment and promotion, transfer is at the discretion of the executive head of the international organisation and subject to only limited review. The Tribunal may interfere only if the decision was taken ultra vires or shows formal or procedural flaw or mistake of fact or law, or if some material fact was overlooked, or if there was misuse of authority or an obviously wrong inference from the evidence. And the Tribunal will be especially wary in reviewing a transfer since it may not replace the employer's rating of the official with its own."
Keywords:
appointment; decision; discretion; executive head; judicial review; limits; promotion; transfer;
Judgment 1547
81st Session, 1996
European Patent Organisation
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Considerations 12-14
Extract:
"The EPO had no formal agreement with the union about facilities such as the distribution of a summons to a meeting. But it admitted to the Appeals Committee that its consistent practice since 1992 had been to distribute any unsealed unofficial internal mail, whether private or not, save any text containing a personal attack on someone. Was such usage binding in law? [...] The plain expectation of the staff was that the EPO would deliver notices from their union without let or hindrance." Therefore the complaints succeed.
Keywords:
binding character; discretion; facilities; flaw; freedom of association; freedom of speech; judicial review; limits; organisation's duties; practice; staff union; staff union activity;
Consideration 8
Extract:
"Precedent has it that an organisation has some latitude in affording facilities to a staff union and its decisions are not subject to judicial review. That is not so, however, where it is charged with breach of freedom of association. The Tribunal will indeed interfere if the effect of the impugned decision is to hamper the freedom of speech that any union must enjoy. Refusal to deliver invitations to a union meeting is unquestionably a breach of the privacy of mail and of the freedom of speech that is part and parcel of freedom of association."
Keywords:
case law; discretion; facilities; flaw; freedom of association; freedom of speech; judicial review; limits; staff union; staff union activity;
Judgment 1532
81st Session, 1996
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 13
Extract:
"Claim 8 is to costs. Again the Tribunal reminds [the complainant], in view of the intemperate language of his submissions, that he owes a duty of respect to the Organization and to its staff. Because he has failed in that duty the Tribunal disallows his claim to costs, even though one of his claims succeeds."
Keywords:
claim; complaint; conduct; costs; freedom of speech; limits; no award of costs; organisation's reputation; staff member's duties;
Judgment 1531
81st Session, 1996
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 15
Extract:
As for his claim to costs, "the Tribunal observes, in view of the intemperate language of his submissions, that he owes a duty of respect to the defendant and to its staff. Though his complaint succeeds in part, his claim to costs is disallowed because he has not fulfilled that duty."
Keywords:
complainant; conduct; freedom of speech; limits; no award of costs; official; organisation's reputation; staff member's duties;
Judgment 1445
79th Session, 1995
Universal Postal Union
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 11
Extract:
The choice of a particular sort of disciplinary action is "obviously at the Director-General's discretion and the Tribunal will not interfere unless his decision shows some fatal flaw such as [...] breach of the rule of proportionality."
Keywords:
disciplinary measure; discretion; executive head; judicial review; limits; proportionality;
Judgment 1431
79th Session, 1995
European Patent Organisation
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 7
Extract:
The EPO described [the complainant's] complaint as "an abuse". But it does not ask the Tribunal to dismiss it as irreceivable for that reason. "The defendant is merely exercising the freedom of speech that any litigant must be allowed, short of resorting to offensive or insulting language." the complainant's claim to damages on that account fails.
Keywords:
criteria; freedom of speech; limits; new claim; organisation; rejoinder; reply; submissions; vexatious complaint;
Judgment 1418
78th Session, 1995
Universal Postal Union
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 6
Extract:
"The purpose of probation is to ensure that new staff members are the best qualified. So an organisation must be allowed the widest measure of discretion in the matter and its decision will stand unless the defect is especially serious or glaring. Moreover, where the reason for refusal of confirmation is unsatisfactory performance the Tribunal will not replace the organisation's assessment with its own."
Keywords:
discretion; judicial review; limits; probationary period; purpose; termination of employment; unsatisfactory service;
Consideration 13
Extract:
"The Tribunal will not replace with its own assessment that of the complainant's supervisors, whose experience and technical knowledge better equip them to identify his shortcomings."
Keywords:
judicial review; limits; supervisor; unsatisfactory service; work appraisal;
Consideration 6
Extract:
"According to the case law a decision not to renew a staff member's appointment is discretionary and will be set aside only if taken without authority or in breach of a rule of form or of procedure, or if based on a mistake of fact or of law, or if some essential fact was overlooked, or if clearly mistaken conclusions were drawn from the facts, or if there was abuse of authority. Those criteria hold good for any discretionary decision, but in reviewing a decision not to confirm the appointment of a probationer the Tribunal will be particularly cautious; otherwise probation would fail to serve as a period of trial."
Keywords:
case law; contract; discretion; judicial review; limits; non-renewal of contract; probationary period; purpose;
Judgment 1369
77th Session, 1994
European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 26
Extract:
Eurocontrol "has consistently maintained that its following the [European] Communities does not impair its administrative autonomy or its right to set pay according to its own needs. So, although it eventually put an end to discrepancies that had proved rather awkward than helpful, that does not at all mean that alignment with pay in the communities must be immediate and complete."
Keywords:
binding character; law of european communities; limits; organisation's interest; salary;
Consideration 30
Extract:
Ever since Eurocontrol signed an agreement with the union "the staff have had access through their representatives to the relevant information and have been able to look at proposals in close cooperation with management and in keeping with the procedure for consultation. The organisation was therefore not required to state again reasons which it had already revealed in the consultations."
Keywords:
collective bargaining; consultation; duty to inform; duty to substantiate decision; limits; procedure before the tribunal; staff union; staff union agreement;
Consideration 31
Extract:
"The duty to explain a decision differs in content when an organisation takes over as a whole the decisions on pay that another one - in this instance the [European] Communities - has already adopted. [...] So on falling into line with the Communities Eurocontrol had no further obligation to give an explanation especially since it was the staff themselves who had been demanding alignment."
Keywords:
duty to substantiate decision; law of european communities; limits; organisation's interest; rule of another organisation; salary; staff member's interest;
Judgment 1367
77th Session, 1994
World Health Organization
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Considerations 11 and 16
Extract:
"The dispute is about the time in which a staff member of WHO may exercise his right to removal of his household effects at the organization's expense upon retirement. [...] The Director-General's decision is arbitrary, not just because it fails to state the reasons for choosing the [...] new deadline for the refund of the costs of removal, but because it gives no consistent reply to the complainant's claim. It is a wrong exercise of discretion."
Keywords:
bias; breach; decision; discretion; duty to substantiate decision; limits; refund; removal expenses; time limit;
Judgment 1355
77th Session, 1994
Universal Postal Union
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 4
Extract:
"According to the case law - especially Judgment 1235 [...] - the Director-General is not bound by the appointment and Promotion Committee's recommendations and in particular need not appoint the candidate the Committee has put first. In the exercise of discretion, he must ensure that his choice is not tainted with any mistake of law or fact and, to allow the tribunal to exercise its power of review, he must state the reasons for his decision."
Reference(s)
ILOAT Judgment(s): 1235
Keywords:
advisory body; advisory opinion; appointment; candidate; case law; competition; discretion; duty to substantiate decision; executive head; judicial review; limits; mistake of fact; promotion board;
Judgment 1352
77th Session, 1994
European Patent Organisation
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 12
Extract:
"In the case of dismissal of a probationer the employer is to be allowed the widest discretion and the decision will be quashed only if the mistake or the illegality is especially serious or glaring: see, for example, Judgment 687 [...], under 2."
Reference(s)
ILOAT Judgment(s): 687
Keywords:
case law; discretion; flaw; judicial review; limits; probationary period; termination of employment;
Judgment 1349
77th Session, 1994
European Southern Observatory
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 11
Extract:
"An organisation enjoys wide discretion in deciding whether or not to renew a fixed-term appointment and a fortiori whether to convert it into an indefinite one. The exercise of such discretion is subject to review, but only to limited review, the Tribunal respecting the organisation's freedom to determine its own requirements and the career prospects of staff."
Keywords:
amendment to the rules; contract; discretion; duration of appointment; fixed-term; judicial review; limits; non-renewal of contract; organisation's interest; permanent appointment;
Judgment 1335
76th Session, 1994
World Health Organization
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 3
Extract:
"Decisions to renew or extend fixed-term appointments are at the discretion of the executive head, on the understanding, however, that he shall exercise it for the good of the organisation and in its interests."
Keywords:
contract; decision; discretion; executive head; extension of contract; fixed-term; limits; organisation's interest;
Judgment 1334
76th Session, 1994
International Atomic Energy Agency
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 27
Extract:
"The Tribunal must make it plain that it will not interfere in the Agency's exercise of its discretion to determine the sort of additional duties or constraints that earn special compensation over and above the payment of salary for the performance of normal duties. Nor, if the Agency believes special compensation to be warranted, will the Tribunal, save in obviously anomalous cases, rule on the form such compensation should take or the arrangements for granting it."
Keywords:
compensatory allowance; discretion; judicial review; limits; proportionality; salary;
Judgment 1332
76th Session, 1994
European Organization for Nuclear Research
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 10
Extract:
"The Director-General's decision, being discretionary, is subject to limited review by the Tribunal and may be set aside for example if he obviously misconstrued the facts. But he did not."
Keywords:
discretion; executive head; judicial review; limits; mistake of fact;
Judgment 1284
75th Session, 1993
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 4
Extract:
"Precedent has it [...] that the Tribunal may not replace the Board's assessment of medical questions with its own. But it goes further than that: the Tribunal does have full competence to say whether there was due process and whether the medical findings show any material mistake or inconsistency, or overlook some essential fact, or plainly misread the evidence."
Keywords:
case law; discretion; disregard of essential fact; flaw; judicial review; limits; medical board; medical opinion; mistaken conclusion; procedural flaw; procedure before the tribunal; report;
Judgment 1281
75th Session, 1993
International Telecommunication Union
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 2
Extract:
"According to the case law the grading of posts is a matter within the discretion of the executive head of an international organisation. So the Tribunal will not interfere with the decision impugned in this case unless it was taken without authority or shows some procedural or formal flaw or a mistake of fact or of law, or overlooks some material fact, or is an abuse of authority, or draws a clearly mistaken conclusion from the facts. Moreover, the Tribunal will not substitute its own assessment of the facts for the Secretary-General's."
Keywords:
abuse of power; case law; competence; decision-maker; discretion; disregard of essential fact; executive head; flaw; formal flaw; judicial review; limits; mistake of fact; mistaken conclusion; misuse of authority; post classification; procedural flaw;
Judgment 1273
75th Session, 1993
International Labour Organization
Extracts: EN,
FR
Full Judgment Text: EN,
FR
Consideration 8
Extract:
"A decision not to renew an appointment, though discretionary, must be taken for proper reasons that are notified to the staff member. It will be unlawful if it was not taken by the competent authority and in line with the set rules of procedure, if there was a mistake of law or of fact or abuse of authority, or if some clearly mistaken conclusion was drawn from the evidence."
Keywords:
abuse of power; competence; contract; decision; decision-maker; discretion; due process; duty to substantiate decision; judicial review; limits; mistake of fact; mistaken conclusion; misuse of authority; non-renewal of contract; organisation's duties;
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